International Relations Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Relations Theories - Essay ExampleIn fact, for realists the desire to maximize posit post in spite of appearance a situation of global anarchy is the most crucial component required in the understanding of political actors and state behavior. First and foremost it is important to remember that state interest operates within an anarchic environment.The worldwide system is inherently unstable and is aptly characterized by widespread anarchy. Due to the absence seizure of a suprastate or overarching Leviathan authority, states are placed in inevitable and perpetual competition, described as the surety dilemma. Because of the anarchic nature of international affairs, states are perpetually concerned with their survival. For realists, the international system is a dog-eat-dog solid ground and ensuring survival is paramount for any and all states. According to Hans Morgenthau, pioneering German political scientist and an early proponent of realist thought, delinquent t o the inherent instability of the international system, the fundamental national interest of all states is to protect its physical, political, and cultural identity element against encroachments by other nations (Morgenthau, 1952, 67). Specifically, threats to states are determined by their relative power vis--vis one others in the international system. The structure of the system the distribution of power and capabilities state wide - is important because threats or challenges facing a state which affront the national interest should be calculated according to the situation in which the state finds itself (Waltz, 1979, 77).

Accounting does not communicate reality, it constructs reality Essay

account does not communicate reality, it constructs reality - Essay ExampleAccounting is a wrangle of business through which the information is passed to the users of the financial statement. The users then fag end on the tail end of those information can their own decision and plan of action. Thus it can be defined that accounting is not save a method of keeping records but a method for taking decision on the basis of the information that is provided by accounting (Bion, 1968). An effective medium of communication is required by the entity handling its employees, clients, suppliers. Accounting is considered as an intrinsic an of import element of the entity. Accounting helps the business entity in preparation of budget, reporting and withal in recording of income that is required by the managers as well as others. There are different users of accounting which can be mainly classified as the external users that includes investors, taxing authorities, customers and creditors an d the internal users that includes the perplexity and the employees (Drury, 2008).Accounting mainly communicates variety of information to various parties that are interested in the information supplied by accounting with the help of different mode of communication such as by publishing of yearly report, internet, social report and applying various mediums such as by adding pictures, charts, narratives, graphs. The accounting communication is considered as an important aspect as it provides a clear picture to the various things. Accounting communication is verbal as well as non verbal. Accounting communication is required for management accounting. The art of communication applied in management accounting is mainly backed by the need and demand. There are mainly dickens different ways of communicating financial information is Business Intelligence and costing data (Keele forethought School, 2012).Accounting same as that of advertisement can be perceived as mythological and as a m etalanguage in which the signs are used to explain the mythical meaning. Accounting

David Smith and the cubi series sculpture Essay

David Smith and the cubi series sculpture - Essay ExampleDavid Smith, beginning off as an artist, emerged to be one of the most influential and imaginative ordinal century American sculptors, in the process transport American sculpture, a relatively relegated art form, to the fore of American art. He was apparently inspired and influenced by the European modernism in art, and applied the principles of cubism and abstract entity expressionism in developing one of the most innovative, expressive forms in a series of sculpture highborn the Cubi series. David Smith, considered one of the most influential and imaginative twentieth century American sculptors, apparently inspired and influenced by European modernism in paintings, has applied the principles of cubism and abstract expressionism in developing one of the most innovative, expressive forms in a series of sculpture titled the Cubi series.It may not be possible to reach further as an artist than David Smith did, within and out side himself,1 wrote art critic Donald Goddard reviewing an exhibition of his works at Gagosian Gallery, unused York in 2004. An get to know and appreciate the life and development of the artist, who purportedly reached the heights of human artistic expression, and his art, would be precious and perhaps imperative, and in all likelihood tempting to art enthusiasts and students.David Roland Smith was born on promenade 9, 1906, in Decatur, Indiana his father Harvey Martin Smith was a telephone engineer and part- meter inventor and mother, Golda Stoler Smith, a schoolteacher. His inborn talent in fine arts surfaced during his progeny age, as he joined for a correspondence course at the Cleveland Art School during his high school years. The family moved to Ohio in 1921. In 1924 Smith attended the Ohio University in 1925, he left the university to work as an automobile factory welder in an assembly plant, where he learnt the first lessons of welded construction and assembling, which he later vastly applied in his surface sculpture. His academic interests in arts brought him back to college, joining the University of Notre Dame in Indiana in 1926 however, curtly Smith moved to Washington D.C and then to New York, to enroll at the Art Students League, where he analyze painting with many celebrated artists like Richard Lahey and John Sloan and privately with Jan Matulka.2 Smith married Dorothy Dehner, a young painter at the school, in 1927. Though he worked for sometime at a sports good lineage and on an oil tanker, Smith returned to New York to pursue his artistic aspirations. New Yorks cultural life seemed winning and promising to the artist Smith bought a farm in Bolton Landing, near Lake George in upstate New York the fields, remained his seasonal resort until 1940, when he made it his home, staying there permanently, developing his farm of outdoor metal sculptures.3David Smiths standoff with artists John Graham and Jan Matulka introduced him to European modernism Smith was much influenced by cubism in art, and the welded steel sculptures of Pablo Picasso and Julio Gonzlez, the sleep with leaving enduring impressions in his artistic perceptions. Smiths fascination with abstract expressionism and constructivism in art fuelled his friendship with modernists of the time including Willem de Kooning, Stuart Davis, Edgar Levy, Jackson Pollock, Arshile Gorky, and Jean Xceron. Smith was also captivated by the jazz and modern dance, the art forms influencing him in unique ways in his creations. 4 Smiths artistic expedition ventured into sculpting in

Research paper on three plays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research paper on three moulds - Essay ExamplePerfect examples of how this greater knowledge passel affect the dramatic irony in a literary work ar Shakespeargons crossroads, Sophocles Oedipus the King and Millers Death of a Salesman. What ties the main characters of these three plays together is that they all know what they need to do in order to fix their problems, but are unable to take action because of their own fears and cowardice. These fears and cowardice are made perfectly clear to the reader, yet the characters are unable to see themselves for who they really are. raillery binds these three plays together through the blindness of the characters and their inability to see their own realities.Shakespeares character Hamlet can be extremely frustrating to many readers and reference members. It is perfectly clear from an outside perspective that Hamlet cant make up his encephalon about anything, but Hamlet himself is blind to the fact that his indecisiveness is do matter s worse. Since the knowledge of Hamlets true reality is hidden from him he becomes more and more indecisive as the play progresses. In his famous soliloquy in Act IV Hamlet asks To be or not do be, as he tries to decide whether or not to end his life. He cannot decide is it is nobler in the mind to suffer, questioning if it is more noble to just stick it out and suffer in life saying, The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune. He cannot decide if it is more of a sin to live ones life in pain and suffering, or to end it knowing that what death offers will be better than what life can. His mind has become so confused and clouded that he can whole focus on The heartache and the thousand natural shocks that flesh is heir to.A similar circumstance can be seen in the character of Oedipus because according to the history books, Sophocles audience came to his plays already knowing the background of Oedipus and the ironic life that parcel has dealt him. This previous knowledge only buil ds the dramatic irony. Throughout the play Oedipus makes several allusions to sight and blindness only adding to the audiences sense of dramatic irony, making the play into the great tragedy that it is known as today. While Oedipus has no idea about the ironic relationship surrounded by his past and present, the audience does. Irony can better be seen is circumstances when Oedipus is most blind to the realities of his life. Fir example Oedipus replies to the Priest who tells him that the people of Thebes are demise by saying, I could not fail to see this. As Oedipus tries to uncover the truth it is easy for the audience to see that he is simply a victim of fate, but at times it seems as though the irony is strong that Oedipus seems to be trying to bring all the horrendous truths into his life. It is almost as if he does in fact know the truth when he comments about the fact that he is lying in the bed of a dead king saying that a marriage would create blood bonds between them.In Death of a Salesman, the main character Willy is really(prenominal) unhappy with his life and has a heavy(p) time appreciating what he has. Here again, dramatic irony comes into play because to the outside audience Willy has a very nice life and it is only Willys own mind that sees his life as unsuccessful. To anyone else, Willy seems to have a very normal and fulfilling life. He has a family, a job, and a nice home, but the overachieving pull of the American daydream causes Willy to become discontent. The climax of the play is when Willys son Biff says, Pop, Im a dime a dozen, and so are you . . . I am not a

Gut microbiota in mammals Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gut microbiota in mammals - Term Paper ExampleThe anatomy of the wild sweet pea is intentional to perform efficiently both of these functions. To en satisfactory nutrient uptake, many associated digestive glands and multiple folding of the versed lining ensure thorough digestion and rapid assimilation of the nutrients. The bowel associated lymphoid tissue on the different hand ensures that the internal surround of intestine remains devoid of harmful foreign antigens. Besides these an important component of the wild sweet pea is the gut microbiota, which together with the innkeeper form a composite body. So intimately is the existence of the two entwined, that the microbial community is collectively considered an organ of the host body and the mammalian genome is referred to as metagenome, i.e. host genome along with the genome of its microbial community (Ley et al., 1647). The number and diversity of microbes residing indigenously in the gut environment is massive comprisin g of bacteria, protozoans, anaerobic phycomycetes and bacteriophages. Not only are they an integral part of the gut ecosystem, but they in addition contribute indispensably to the nutritional, physiological and immunological functions of the gut (Mackie, 13). Though the exact composition of the gut microbiota of different animals cannot be listed with certainty, yet the variations observed are primarily due to the differences in the diet of different animals. ... this, a acquire of gut microbiology would proceed in three parallel lines, for three classes of microbial consortia one for each of these gut environments. This paper aims to discuss the functional significance of the microbial population in the gut of herbivores, omnivores and carnivores. Figure 1 Mammalian Gut Figure 2 Mammalian Gut Lining II. Role of Gut Microbiota in Herbivores Herbivores derive their nutrition from plant components hence it is imperative to possess the ability to digest plant cell wall. However, the cellulose component of plant cell wall makes it difficult to decay. Herbivores therefore, during the course of evolution have acquired adaptations that enable them to disintegrate and assimilate this otherwise indigestible fabric (Karasov and Carey, 364). The herbivore mammalian foregut or hindgut is divided into chambers where fermentation of the regimen intake is carried out with help of microbial inhabitants of the gut. These chambers are known as rumen and the animals as ruminants. Due to exclusively plant based diet of herbivore, the role of gut microbe in herbivore gut assumes immense significance, the gut microbiota being imperative for digestion process in herbivores. This justifies an exclusive discussion of ruminant gut microbiota. Evolution of gut microbiota Evolution of the digestive system of mammals to enable utilization of complex plant material proceeds parallel with the evolution of their gut microbiota. The ubiquitous microbes on one hand were easily able to co lonize the mammals in general, but further evolutionary pattern was dependent on the diet of the host they inhabited. Thus the microbial population of the mammalian host coevolved with the evolving host digestive system. In herbivores as the gut became longer and

Read the Bourmistrov and Kaarboe (2013) paper and identify its key Essay

Read the Bourmistrov and Kaarboe (2013) paper and identify its key contribution(s). Critically evaluate and argue the role of - Essay ExampleHowever, the scope of accounting profession has tremendously transmitd over the last devil decades, and today top managers encourage the accountants to be a management partner instead of a unadulterated technical partner. In addition, the emergence of new traffic archetypes like beyond budgeting has greatly increased the implication of the accounting profession because top executives cannot deal with those newly developed practices without the external support of accountants. This paper allow for identify the key contributions of the paper written by Anatoli Bourmistrov and Katarina Kaarboe and critically evaluate the role of accountants and accounting practices in managing contemporary organisations. Beyond Budgeting The work titled From comfort to stretch zones A field study of two multinational companies applying beyond budgeting ide as was prepared by Anatoli Bourmistrov and Katarina Kaarboe. In this paper, the authors give particular focus to management bidding systems (MCSs) operating on the basis of beyond budgeting ideas. They explore how changes in the design principles of these systems have affected the enactment of decision makers from comfort to stretch zones. The research work in addition identifies how this pitch contour has influenced the supply of and demand for managerial information. This paper has been prepared in the background of the evidence that there are many organisational problems in tie-up with using budgets. From this scholarly work, it is identified that elements like discomfort with the establishment and comfort zones maintenance for decision makers through with(predicate) annual budgeting have persuaded organisations to think of new management control systems. The major aim of implementing beyond budgeting was to change the structure of the information supply. This process great ly assists organisations to effectively manage budget information relating to target setting, forecasts, and vision allocation processes. This paper clearly illustrates that new information from an MCS based on new design principles has significantly influenced the behaviour and mindset of decision makers. It is also observed that information use is different under this pip as compared to previous budget-focused practices. This study is greatly helpful for readers to understand that beyond budgeting (BB) practices aid organisations to develop a new type of management control system and information supply with intent to facilitate the transition of decision makers into the stretch zone. Bourmistrov and Kaarboe (2013) state that BB is thus a search for new and more nuanced comfort zones, where decision-makers pull up stakes be, to an increasing degree, able to positively appreciate the entrepreneurial and challenging nature of managerial work and also be able to use new informatio n for increasing interaction with the internal and external business environment, as well as for negotiations and learning. This study is helpful to recognise how organisations that see budgeting as a problematic practice make changes to their management control systems and information supply. The paper also addresses the way the individuals in organisations change the practice of using information in connection with the change in BB practices. The authors present the concept of beyond budgeting as a change in mindset in contrast to traditional norms where BB was perceived as a small operational change. They add that the transformation identified seems to be a subject field of

Has or Can the West be a Chance for Islam Essay

Has or Can the West be a Chance for Islam - Essay ExampleThey were naturally inspired by what they had known and experienced in their countries of birthThe democratic society that reigns in America makes major concessions and overtures to all forms of religious practices including education. However, one must overlay the obvious differences in the social doctrines of Islam and America. Whereas, America has the continuity of a successful democracy, Islam is subject to changes made by approved ulama (scholars). These scholars are often from the diaphragm East therefore, making changes that suit and reflect international sentiments towards American society. Thesefactors have been a major contributor to the rise in terrorist affiliations amongst Western Muslims, as unconnected Sheikhs and Mullahs have used aggression to permeate the social fabric of those who form the modern doctrine of Muslim jurisprudence and education in the Middle East. From there, this contaminated doctrine gui des the societal pursuits of American Muslim groups. This contact action effect has caused groups like Al Qaeda who represent the Wahabi sect of Islam which is made up of a minority of 10% of Muslims worldwide to have a dominant influence on what is taught in western madrassahs because of their evidential influence in the Middle East that has been projected across over 60 nations abroad. These problems are greatly increased by the strategic alliance that seen Al Qaeda and their fellow Wahabi scholars join forces with Shia and Sunni scholars in the Middle East which represent the leadership of over 80% of Muslims worldwide. This reality brings serious questions to mind as to how to frustrate terror from emanating from the Islamic curriculum of western Muslims who either brought this type of doctrine to America from overseas or seek guidance from those who are influenced by the same. Terror based Fatwahs have always benefited from these types of parameters that continue to verify the Islamic education in the west.Jones 3IntegrationThe problems noted in the education section clearly present very serious concerns in regard to integration. What type of integration impart take place (terrorist intent or democratic reciprocity) It would be extremely nave for one to suggest that a Islamic education that is contaminated by those with terrorist intent will not make allowances for societal catalysis effects that are negative and potentially lethal in every sense of the word. It is imperative that western Muslims make significant strides in the way of achieving scholastic liberty in order to protect their educational system, as this will prove to be a diminutive step in terror prevention in addition to setting a new author in regards to those who think that western Muslims are puppets of scholars in the Middle East. This type of initiative will potentially save thousands of lives through the