The Soldier By Rupert Brooke And Wilfred Owen - 1253 Words

For the past century, the British Empire had enjoyed uncontested supremacy as the largest and most powerful empire in the world. Thus, the British government’s decision to enter the First World War instantaneously ignited a fierce fusion of Nationalism and extreme patriotism throughout Britain. British Nationalism and war propaganda profoundly influenced the writings of numerous British poets during the early years of World War One. However, as the war progressed, attitudes concerning pro-nationalist ideologies began to change. The horrific realities of war produced a profusion of sardonic, anti-nationalistic poetry as young war poets confronted death and destruction. British poets Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen, for example, drew from their experiences as soldiers during the war and frequently address the themes of British Nationalism and patriotic self-sacrifice throughout their poetry. However, Brooke and Owen’s wartime experiences during the First World War were lar gely dissimilar. Consequently, their works contain vastly differing perspectives regarding the themes of Nationalism and self-sacrifice. Rupert Brooke’s sonnet â€Å"The Soldier,† written at the beginning of the Great War, is infused with nationalistic undertones. Brooke begins his sonnet by writing, â€Å"If I should die, think only this of me / That there’s some corner of a foreign field / That is forever England† (1-3). Brooke’s poetic lines are imbued with nostalgic longings for England and reflect a romanticized,Show MoreRelatedThe Soldier By Rupert Brooke And Anthem For Doomed Youth By Wilfred Owen1367 Words   |  6 Pages‘The Soldier’ by Rupert Brooke and ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ by Wilfred Owen are two World War One era sonnets, both making a comment on what it means to die in war. The two poets show very different views on war, as both had very different experiences in war. Rupert Brooke died before he made it to war, his poem highlights the soldier as a hero and glorifies dying in war, in contrast Wilfred Owen shows a grittier side to death in war, as he experienced war first hand and his poem is real and brutalRead More The soldier by Rupert Brooke and Dulce et decorum est by Wilfred Owen886 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry - The soldier by Rupert Brooke and Dulce et decorum est by Wilfred Owen The poems The soldier by Rupert Brooke and Dulce et decorum est by Wilfred Owen are related to the events in WWI. These two poems concentrate on a similar subject, going to war, but have totally different points of view and contradict each other. Rupert Brooke has a patriotic point of view meanwhile Wilfred Owen has a critical opinion. Both of the authors use their own knowledge to show us how soldiers confrontRead MoreBritish Nationalism And Self Sacrifice By Rupert Brooke And Wilfred Owen s The Soldier 1265 Words   |  6 Pagesas young soldier-poets confronted death and destruction. For example, British poets Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen drew from their experiences as soldiers during the war while frequently addressing the themes of British Nationalism and patriotic self-sacrifice throughout their poetry. However, Brooke and Owen’s wartime experiences were largely dissimilar. As a result, their works contained vastly differing perspectives regarding the themes of British Nationalism and self-sacrifice. Rupert Brooke’sRead MoreComparing The Soldier by Rupert Brooke and Dulce Et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen669 Words   |  3 PagesComparing The Soldier by Rupert Brooke and Dulce Et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen World War I, probably the most horrible of modern wars, inspired some of the most beautiful and powerful poetry of the 20th century. Two very good examples are The Soldier by Rupert Brooke and Dulce Et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen, both were written before and during the this war. Rupert Brooke was a well- educated English man who lived the enthusiasm of the whole country when the warRead More To compare the ways in which these poems display the horrors of war.1616 Words   |  7 Pagesthe horrors of war. I have selected three poems, The Soldier, by Rupert Brooke, Dulce et Decorum Est, and Anthem for Doomed Youth, both written by Wilfred Owen. Compare how these poems show the horrors of World War 1. To compare the ways in which these poems display the horrors of war. I have selected three poems, The Soldier, by Rupert Brooke, Dulce et Decorum Est, and Anthem for Doomed Youth, both written by Wilfred Owen. I chose Anthem for Doomed Youth and Dulce et DecorumRead MoreThe Soldier By Wilfred Owen1376 Words   |  6 Pagesone who has never experienced the inhumane devastation that each battle- each moment- causes for the minds and in bodies of every soldier. â€Å"The Soldier† was written by Rupert Brooke in 1914, just before World War One was about to begin, while â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est.† was written by Wilfred Owen in 1917, during which Word War One was being fought harshly. Due to â€Å"The Soldier† being written before the War began, this poem depicts an idealized perception of war in which the subject topically seems honoredRead MoreSimilarities Between Rupert Brooke, Siegfried Sassoon, And Wilfred Owen1531 Words   |  7 Pages World War I Poetry How it changed during the war Abby Schaubroeck Honors World Cultures Period 3 Ms. Beck 19 May 2017 Over the course of the war the perspective of literature, in specifically poetry, changed. Rupert Brooke, Siegfried Sassoon, and Wilfred Owen all share one common bond: these men were war poets. According to the Oxford Dictionary, the term â€Å"war poet† means â€Å"a poet writing at the time of and on the subject of war, especially one on military service during the FirstRead More Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen1233 Words   |  5 PagesRupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen Since the threat of war in some part of the world everyday and because of the colossal impact that it has had on our lives, it doesnt seem surprising that it is a popular theme of poetry. Sonnets are an extremely passionate form of poetry, used to show how the poet feels in their heart; both Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen create this passion in excellent, but very different ways. Anthem for Doomed Youth by Wilfred Owen is a Shakespearean sonnet reflectingRead MoreEssay on Comparing The Soldier and Dulce et Decorum Est644 Words   |  3 PagesComparing The Soldier and Dulce et Decorum Est The Soldier by Rupert Brooke and Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen were both written during world war one. War and death are the themes of both poems but they are written from different perspectives. Brooke seems to base his poem on myth because overall he says that it is good to die for your country while fighting at war is terrible and that it is every soldier for himself and not for your country. There are manyRead MoreThe Development of War Poetry Throughout Ww11027 Words   |  5 PagesThe development of war poetry throughout WW1 was influenced by many different incidents. Many of the soldiers developed friendships with each other based on the amount of time they spent together in the trenches. One of the reasons soldiers developed such strong comradeships that lasted even after the war, was due to the amount of horror and bloodshed they had witnessed together, furthermore the shared experience of suffering and hardship led to strong companionship and their experiences affected

The Shame of the Nation by Jonathan Kozol - 1730 Words

I. Analysis of the mechanics of the book. If anyone in the United States were asked, What is the best part about living in this country?, most people would answer equality. The United States is built on and known for the equality among its citizens and is often referred to as the melting pot. After reading Jonathan Kozols, The Shame of the Nation, equality is nonexistent within the schools he has gone to, and has been employed through. With his travels, expert testimony and personal stories gathered from the people within the community and schools, he shows the exact opposite of equality. Minority schools being his main focus, he discusses the inequalities these students endure and truly opens up your eyes to just how awful these minority schools have it. Jonathan Kozol is successful in his writing of The Shame of the Nation, and makes himself a voice for these minority schools that are denied of their voices. The way Kozol chooses to organize his book is very effective. It has a top ical way of organization with a touch of chronological usage through the book. Instead of just starting right into his points that he strives to make, he begins the book with a little history about himself and how he ended up in the position of traveling to these different schools. This is extremely necessary to the book, without it the reader would have no idea as to why he chose to do his observations and how he came to love what he does. Knowing that he has the experience of teachingShow MoreRelatedThe Misuse of Diversity in Education668 Words   |  3 PagesJonathan Kozol, a Harvard University scholar, witnessed the travesty of racial segregation within the inner city public educational system. After many years of teaching and exposure to substandard classrooms with dilapidated furniture, a shortage of materials to engage a pupil’s mind and a disproportionate diversity ratio, he could no longer tolerate the conditions in which he was surrounded. Kozol’s frustrat ion compelled him to become a staunch advocate for disadvantaged children so that theyRead MoreEntre Les Murs: Inner City Education 1553 Words   |  7 Pagesareas. One such program written about by Jonathan Kozol, author of The Shame of the Nation, the Higher Horizons program in New York City, attempted to improve the education and cultural awareness of its students through various initiatives. This programs ingredients â€Å"were more and better teachers and—more money† (Kozol 188). Unfortunately, the initial success of the program died out as the investment in each student dwindled from â€Å"$50 down to $27† (Kozol 189). The French government has also startedRead MoreAnalysis Of Jonathan Kozol s The Mechanics Of The Book 1911 Words   |  8 Pagesare in their elementary years. This now leads to the topic of this essay; Jonathan Kozol s book and his research on students from the inner city. It appears that Jonathan Kozol took the organization of his book very seriously. In fact, I believe that his book was organized very well. When it comes to the type of organization used, deciding which was used is ultimately up to the reader. Personally, I believe that Kozol used topical organization. The reason being is that each chapter had a differentRead MoreThe Shame Of The Nation And Shawn Ginwright s Article, New Terrain909 Words   |  4 Pagesthe other hand, these obstacles have produced the serial of serious damage to the benefit of minority students such as uneducated, high dropout rate and lack of academic support due to poor educational circumstance. According to Jonathan Kozol s Book The Shame of the Nation and Shawn Ginwright’s and Julio Cammarota’s article, â€Å"New Terrain in Youth Development: The promise of a Social Justice Approach,† the three obstacles are segregation, funding, low expectation which deprive minority students’ na turalRead MoreEssay about Jonathan Kozols Amazing Grace 1553 Words   |  7 PagesJonathan Kozols Amazing Grace  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      While reading Amazing Grace, one is unable to escape the seemingly endless tales of hardship and pain. The setting behind this gripping story is the South Bronx of New York City, with the main focus on the Mott Haven housing project and its surrounding neighborhood. Here black and Hispanic families try to cope with the disparity that surrounds them. Mott Haven is a place where children must place in the hallways of the building, because playing outsideRead MoreSchools in America and France: Yay School!1657 Words   |  7 Pagesareas. One such program written about in The Shame of the Nation is the Higher Horizons program in New York City. This program attempted to improve the education and cultural awareness of its students through various initiatives. This programs ingredients â€Å"were more and better teachers and—more money† (Kozol 188). Unfortunately, the initial success of the program died out as the investment in each student dwindled from â€Å"$50 down to $27† (Kozol 189). As a result of the decline in funding,Read MoreThe Shame Of The Nation : The Restoration Of Apartheid Schooling1223 Words   |  5 PagesOur culture in America puts a huge emphasis on the value of education. However, not all children in America receive the same benefits from school. Jonathan Kozol, author of The Shame of the Nation: The Restoration of Apartheid Schooling in America, explores the feelings of those in lower-income districts and the inequality they feel. Kozol focuses on how younger children, elementary schoolers, look around and see richer schools while their own school is run-down and falling apart. People are veryRead MoreDawkins and Kozol Essay3200 Words   |  13 Pagesdarwin Running Head: DAWKINS AND KOZOL The Meme concept from Dawkins and the Educational Funding concept from Kozol Kevin Edmundson Oklahoma University LSTD-5013 Interdisciplinary Foundations The Meme concept from Dawkins and the Educational Funding concept from Kozol Introduction Jonathan Kozol, one of the most zealous advocates of the idea, wrote a series of books, which depict below the critical school, where children from poor, mostly belongingRead MoreThe Disintegration Of Integration Of America s Schools932 Words   |  4 Pageshas been working against integration from its inception. Down through the years, the tactics and strategies have changed but the objective has remained the same: the disintegration of integration in America’s schools. Jonathan Kozol, educator and author of, The Shame of the Nation: The Restoration of Apartheid Schooling in America, argues that black and hispanic students tend to be in concentrated in schools where they make up almost the entire student body (8). The Supreme Court made a monumentalRead MorePark Ridge Is A Population Of 37856 People Essay1802 Words   |  8 Pagesresources, the neighborhood near Maine East has one the best hospitals in the nation; Lutheran General Hospital is ranked top 100 hospi tals in the nation (See Appendix 2). Maine East has lots of connection and resources that some families that don’t live in the district tend to fake an address just so they can have their children attend and receive the services of Maine East. In the book Shame of the Nation by Jonathan Kozol talks about white families having successfully pressuring school boards to

Systems and Methods Graphical User Interface †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Systems and Methods for Graphical User Interface. Answer: Introduction The design of the user interface can be considered as the design factor of the computer, websites and applications with its main focus on the experience of the user and the interaction factor with the implementation. The report puts direct focus on three good interface designs and three bad user interfaces. Virtual reality is in the verge of frontier territory taking into consideration the UX and UX. The main concept behind the implementation of the technique was that working on the flat screen doesnt do a good job when related to Virtual reality. On the other hand building up of a useful and effective virtual reality application that can be used for hours without the concern of motion sickness was a challenge. So taking into such consideration product that Google Tilt Brush came into existence. This user interface would directly help in building up 3D painting in an environment which is virtual (Qin et al., 2016) The interface can be used in iOS and Mac. This interface is mainly a popular task management application which is rewarded an award for the design that intuitive and very easy to pick up, it is very similar to, to do list concept. As stated by the creator its main motive behind the implementation was to make life easier. The application can help to categorize a user the task assigned for the day. The urgent task go into the today list, slight less urgent task go into next and accordingly its schedules the task. This interface is mainly used by fitness oriented people for cyclist and runners. Meter. ME has a type of interface which can be stated as typographical user design of interface with the main implementation of simple swiping gestures that indirectly enables the user to navigate through the options while they are in motion rather than fiddling with the menus and setting. The interface helps in displaying relevant data which is sorted and accordingly displayed in real time, tracked and then condensed the report format for references (Bi and Zhai 2017). The apple company has not released any sales figure for the Apple watch which can be a negative aspect from the view of the company. The main reason behind it can be that the user interface in which the Apple watch is made is very complicated to use. There are mainly eight way to interact with the interface: tap or hold the bottom screen, hard press the screen, knob on the side and tap the screen normally (Sullivan et al., 2016). The worst scenario requiring learning a mental map with regards to the tiny watch screen which is laid out like an inverted T. recent notification appears as a vertical list scrolling. The USS Vincennes control System Bad interface can be a drawback which may involve waste of time, money and mood, but in the some cases it can even cost life. On July 3, 1988 a U.S navy a war plane fired two missiles at a particular airline and killed all 900 passengers who were on board (Felt et al., 2016). The navy caption based the decision of firing on the basis of a computer display of Aegis, which is the navy combat system (Chen, Paul and Proepper 2017). The interface usually provided three huge screens showing all the airplanes in the air but didnt give any indication of the flight speed, altitude and the speed. With emphasis on the operation which summon that information manually and it would appear on a screen size which was of 12 inch screen. On the other hand it did not give any information about the plane gaining and losing altitude information. In the year 2007 the BMW Company attempted a very ambitious activity. It nearly assigned around 700 cars with a function of a crazy knob between the two seats a knob that could push, turn or bump in any eight directions as indicated. The overall system was recognized as iDrive and it turned to be one of the biggest interface disasters for the company. Putting emphasis on the new users learning the BMWs idrive concept was very much disheartening and was considered surely to be daunting task for the owners (Gold et al., 2016) Conclusion It can be concluded from the above report that the user interface has many advantage that can be related to many aspect but on the other hand it also have some bad affects on the overall approach of the concept References Bi, X. and Zhai, S., Google Inc., 2017. Display screen with graphical user interface. U.S. Patent D785,037. Chen, Paul, and Martin Proepper. "Display screen or portion thereof with graphical user interface." U.S. Patent No. D777,177. 24 Jan. 2017. Felt, M., Gharachorloo, N., Relyea, D.H. and Sharma, M., Verizon Patent and Licensing Inc., 2017. Systems and methods for casting a graphical user interface display of a mobile device to a display screen associated with a set-top-box device. U.S. Patent 9,706,241. Gold, J., Vaccaro, B., Peschan, M., Drzewinski, M. and Neal, J., Makerbot Industries, Llc, 2016. Display screen with graphical user interface. U.S. Patent D749,129. Qin, J., Bek, R., Gaiser, J.W. and Utley, D.S., Mederi Therapeutics, Inc., 2017. Graphical user interface for monitoring and controlling use of medical devices. U.S. Patent 9,675,403. Sullivan, K., Rodrig, M. and Baber, J., Microsoft Corporation, 2017. Display screen with graphical user interface. U.S. Patent D788,145.

Racism In Our Colleges Essays - Racism In The United States

Racism In Our Colleges Racism has been a steady problem all through time. One of the most troublesome areas of racism is in places of education. Finding a cure for this would be a major step towards ending racism in general. No one has ever thought of a solution yet, and racism will be strong as long as there isn't one. It all started back when the colonists traded certain goods for slaves. They had never seen a black person before and thought of them as lower human beings because they did all of the colonists' work for them. Since blacks were so low, they were never given a good education. This lack of education continued throughout the centuries. Even in the 1700's slaves were never taught how to read or write. In the 1800's everyone's feelings about slavery, good or bad, culminated in one big war, the American Civil War. During this period, the slaves really tried to break free from their past stereotypes. A small percentage of them taught themselves to read and write and they began to teach others. Some blacks even fought in the Civil War. The most educated were selected and several black units were formed. Once the North had defeated the South in the war, the slaves were freed from bondage, however, that did not mean that they would be free from the terrible prejudice that still permeated the country. Schools sprang up in all black areas but were not given the public funding that they needed and deserved. They were usually only one room and very dirty. They were given the oldest and most worn out books and equipment that were available. There weren't even many teachers who were qualified and were willing to teach at an all black school. Even though education was instituted for African Americans, which was a step in the right direction, it was a very small step and still didn't give blacks the education they deserved. This treatment prevailed for many years after the Civil War. A new concept, segregation , evolved and was predominant from the late 1800's through the first half of the 1900's. Whites assumed that they were better than black people and didn't want to be around them in anything they did. For example, in buses, whites were given privileged seating in front; but blacks had to sit in the back. Moreover, if there were not enough front seats whites could preempt blacks from their back seats. There were separate restrooms, drinking fountains, stores and, of course, schools. Segregation remained the same for many years until one day in 1955 a black woman named Rosa Parks sat down in the front of a bus where all of the white people were sitting. When she was told to move to the back of the bus, she refused to budge. This action set off an uproar among blacks who questioned their rights for the first time. In the 1960's, the governor of Alabama, George Wallace, was a militant supporter of segregation. In 1963 two blacks, Vivian Jones and James Hood, sought admission to the traditionally segregated University of Alabama. According to legislation at the time, they had every right to go there; but since the governor was so anti-black and pro segregation, he didn't like it one bit. As the two black students prepared to enter the college, George Wallace stood in the doorway, blocking their way addressing the need for segregation. He refused to move, so the national guard was called in to restore order and admit Jones and Hood to the University of Alabama. This was an important moment in black history because it marked the first time a black person had been admitted into an all white college. Although laws pertaining to civil rights were enacted that ended segregation, hatred and racism still continued; and it appears to be even stronger now than it ever has been. Today there is no legal segregation in colleges but a recent study revealed that most southern colleges remain segregated. In this day and age, there are many diverse ethnic groups and cultural backgrounds that populate the same colleges. With this great amount of people, there is naturally much tension between the many groups. From this tension arises the hate groups on college campuses. Whether they are against whites, blacks or any other groups, they cause many problems in the steady flow of education. Although everyone has the freedom of speech, even if the majority disagrees with it, they do not have

Macbeth Essays (820 words) - Characters In Macbeth,

Macbeth I am going to prove that in the play Macbeth, a symbol of blood is portrayed often (and with different meanings), and that it is a symbol that is developed until it is the dominating theme of the play towards the end of it. To begin with, I found the word "blood", or different forms of it forty-two times (ironically, the word fear is used forty-two times), with several other passages dealing with the symbol. Perhaps the best way to show how the symbol of blood changes throughout the play, is to follow the character changes in Macbeth. First he is a brave honoured soldier, but as the play progresses, he becomes a treacherous person who has become identified with death and bloodshed and shows his guilt in different forms. The first reference of blood is one of honour, and occurs when Duncan sees the injured sergeant and says "What bloody man is that?". This is symbolic of the brave fighter who been injured in a valiant battle for his country. In the next passage, in which the sergeant says "Which smok'd with bloody execution", he is referring to Macbeth's braveness in which his sword is covered in the hot blood of the enemy. After these few references to honour, the symbol of blood now changes to show a theme of treachery and treason. Lady Macbeth starts this off when she asks the spirits to "make thick my blood,". What she is saying by this, is that she wants to make herself insensitive and remorseless for the deeds which she is about to commit. Lady Macbeth knows that the evidence of blood is a treacherous symbol, and knows it will deflect the guilt from her and Macbeth to the servants when she says "smear the sleepy grooms with blood.", and "If he do bleed, I'll gild the faces of the grooms withal, for it must seem their guilt." When Banquo states "and question this most bloody piece of work," and Ross says "is't known who did this more than bloody deed?", they are both inquiring as to who performed the treacherous acts upon Duncan. When Macbeth is speaking about Malcolm and Donalbain, he refers to them as "bloody cousins" A final way, and perhaps the most vivid use of the symbol blood, is of the theme of guilt. First Macbeth hints at his guilt when he says "Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean from my hand?", meaning that he wondered if he would ever be able to forget the dastardly deed that he had committed. Then the ghost of Banquo, all gory, and bloody comes to haunt Macbeth at the banquet. The sight of apparitions represents his guilt for the murder of Banquo which he planned. Macbeth shows a bit of his guilt when he says "It is the bloody business which informs thus," he could not get the courage to say murder after he had killed Duncan, so he says this instead. Lady Macbeth shows the most vivid example of guilt using the symbol of blood in the scene in which she walks in her sleep. She says "Out damned spot! Out I say! One: two: why then 'tis time to do't: hell is murky. Fie, my lord, fie, a soldier, and afeard? What need we fear who knows it when none can call out power to account? Yet who would have thought the old man to have had so much blood in him?". This speech represents the fact that she cannot wipe the blood stains of Duncan off of her hands. It is ironic, that she says this, because right after the murder, when Macbeth was feeling guilty, she said "A little water clears us of this deed." When the doctor of the castle finds out about this sleepwalking, he tells Macbeth "As she is troubled with thick-coming fantasies,". What this means, is that Lady Macbeth is having fantasies or dreams that deal with blood. Macbeth knows in his mind that she is having troubles with her guilt, but does not say anything about it. Just before the ending of the play, Macbeth has Macduff at his mercy, and lets him go, because of his guilt. He shows that he is guilty, when he says "But get thee back, my soul is too much charg'd with blood of thine already.". Of which, Macduff replies, "I have no words, my voice is in my sword, thou bloodier villain than terms can give thee out." After the death of Macbeth at the

Science Investigatory Project Essay Example

Science Investigatory Project Essay Example Science Investigatory Project Paper Science Investigatory Project Paper Healthy babies should sleep on their back. One of the most important things you can do to help reduce the risk of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) is to put your healthy baby on his or her back to sleep. Do this when your baby is being put down for a nap or to bed for the night Schedule for Feeding You should feed your baby whenever he or she is hungry. Most babies eat every two to four hours. Do not wait longer than five hours between feedings. Care of the Circumcision If your baby is circumcised, his penis may be swollen for about a week. Initially, the tip of the penis will be very red. Over the course of a few days it will slowly change to a more pink, fleshed-colored appearance as it heals. He may have a LITTLE bleeding. This should stop in 24 hours. If you notice more than a little blood, please call your pediatrician. There may also be a yellow-white discharge on his penis on the second day after the circumcision. This is normal and will go away as your baby heals. A little Vaseline applied directly to the area will keep the crust soft and keep the diaper from sticking. I learned about this because of the activity that the group one have presented. It is entitled as the fault-y set up. In this activity, They arranged two sheets of cardboard edge to edge, and They poured a flour instead of sand along the boundary of the two sheets of cardboard. After that, with the ruler Nell flattened the top to make parallel lines. Then they move the sheets slowly and a fault Is formed. The things I learned In this activity Is to explain how fault forms and to describe the appearance of a

Introduction to Language and Communication - Assignment Essay

Introduction to Language and Communication - Assignment - Essay Example ge of the universe, evolution, the non-existence of a global flood, as well as every other science, which contradicts the Bible when analyzed literally. To consider this fallacy, we can place these two statements in their logical form that (1) thinking that the atom was the smallest particle ever to be discovered was a mistake and (2) evolution in science is a mistake (Aubusson et al., 2006). The reason being that if evolution was not a reality, then it would not be for the similar reason that science considered that the atom was the tiniest particle to ever exist. Science was wrong in this case since it lacked the entire truth because of discoveries that were not yet made during that period. If evolution was false, then each and every discovery made by science and their facts confirmed, would still be dead wrong (Aubusson et al., 2006). This would be an effort of unimaginable proportions, as well as effects, which would unravel the basis of scientific inquiry in addition to their un derstanding. In Shakespeare’s famous play, Hamlet, the protagonist asks the Lord whether he knows him, which was the first of the make questions that Hamlet directed towards the vacuous Polonius (Shakespeare & Mueller, 2002). The reason for the many questions was, in fact, Hamlet’s feeling that Polonius compelled Ophelia to leave him. In his view, Polonius went ahead to sacrifice his daughter’s contentment so as to get closer to the King (Shakespeare & Mueller, 2002). Thus, â€Å"fishmonger† is, at times, depicted as a slang word for â€Å"pimp,† in spite of the reality that there lacks adequate proof that the word was utilized that way during Shakespeare’s era. Here Hamlet used paradox principle by claiming that he wished that Polonius could be as honest as a fishmonger, which was to imply that he, in reality meant that Polonius was lower than the lowest form of low (Shakespeare & Mueller, 2002). He went ahead to claim that, in order to be honest, you h ave to picked from a group

Story of Moses in Exodus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Story of Moses in Exodus - Essay Example he particularity experienced by those whose heritage is distinctively Jewish---it can still have meaning for such outsider communities who embrace the Old Testament stories as a spiritualization of their own struggles, which is ultimately sustaining, respectful, and prestinating others' lives. Here it will be examined why Moses was chosen, what life was probably like for Moses as an exile, and what it was like for Moses to be a chosen leader. One of the purposes of Moses being chosen, was that it was a way to perpetuate the life of the children of Israel. In Egypt, they may have perished if they had continued under the Pharaoh, since Hebrew infant males were being killed. And, it was through this chosen agent of Moses that God, in essence, saved the children of Israel. For the purpose of this paper, here the focus will be given to select verses in Exodus 14 which deal with the parting of the Red Sea. The children of Israel passed through the waters and didn't have to worry about the waters closing in on them, while the Lord made the vehicles in which the Egyptians were pursuing the Israelites (so that they could enslave them again) to disintegrate. "He clogged their chariot wheels so that they turned with difficulty. The Egyptians said, 'Let us flee from the Israelites, for the Lord is fighting for them against Egypt.'" (Exodus 14:25) "Thus the Lord saved Israel that day from the Egyptians; and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore." (Exodus 14:30) In Ada Maria Isasi-Diaz's book Mujerista Theology, she examines an article called "By the Rivers of Babylon: Exile as a Way of Life." We can only imagine that life was similar for Moses and his people in exile after they crossed the Red Sea. Isasi-Diaz describes her expulsion from Cuba and how she had to struggle with the aspect of having been basically thrown out of her country. She seeks to reclaim this part of her by still remaining faithful to the idea that she wants the flag "draped on her tomb" when she dies, even though she is sin patria (without a country) and sin amo (without a master); she elaborates that "the multi-layered oppression made possible and sustained in all aspects of our lives by sexism, racism/ethnic prejudice, and work to become agents of our own history-the challenge to be self-defining and self-actualizing [human beings]-as an intrinsic element. For this challenge to be met, we know that we have to develop and strengthen our moral agency."1 It is important to note that, much like Ada Maria under Cuban rule, Moses and his people faced all kinds of oppression under the rule of Pharaoh-and once they became exiles they faced different kinds

JPMorgan Chase Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 6

JPMorgan Chase - Essay Example In the last section the essay will shed light on software automation in online banking transaction. According to Securities and Exchange Commission (2013), its purpose of existence is to protect the interest of investors, facilitate capital formation and maintain a transparent and fare market. Research scholars such as Kamin and DeMarco (2010) and Hill (2010) have pointed out that SEC plays much larger role in comparison to CFTC when it comes to saving the interest of investors. Hence in this essay, the researcher will only focus on control mechanism of SEC in order to discourage banks and financial institutions from involving in high risk gambles in primary market and securities. SEC has created two divisions such as Division of Trading and Markets and Division of Investment Management in order to create a fair a transparent market and protect interest of investors (Securities and Exchange Commission, 2013). ... mechanisms of Trading and Market Division and Investment Management Division of SEC to protect interest of investors can be summarized as, 1- incorporating financial integrity program to mitigate conflict of interest between broker-dealers, 2- reviewing policies to identify and punish fraudulent activities of banks and other companies, 3- assisting the Commission to establish a fair security market and 4- monitoring the actions in commodity market, 5- reviewing the investment adviser filings and 6- assisting Commission to go for law enforcement against companies and banks falsifying the financial results (Securities and Exchange Commission, 2013). SEC has also investigative arm which conduct investigation on following charges; Omission or misrepresentation financial results or crucial security information Manipulation of market prices of securities Defrauding customer’s fund    Insider trading of market information On the basis of above mentioned guidelines, control measures and legal enforcement actions, SEC take actions in order to prevent high-risk gambles in securities in the field of banking operation and security exchange. Elements of contracts include various items such as, 1- An Offer- willingness of parities to enter into bargain, 2- An Acceptance- acceptance of condition mentioned in by both parties, Purpose- purpose of the contract must be legal, 4- Mutuality of Obligation- mutual understanding of the condition and obligation between parties, 5- Consideration- there must consideration of benefits among both promisor and promise and 6- Certainty of Subject Matter- all the conditions must be clearly defined in the contract so that everyone involved in the contract can understand it. However, the nature of contract between banks and customers is purely based

Typical of british banks

Typical of british banks ‘This is absolutely typical of British banks. As soon as you have any success they want to pull the plug and stop you trading. Loretta Long was very angry. She is the managing director of Park Leisurewear Ltd (PL), and had just received a letter from the businesss bank requiring a significant reduction in the overdraft. ‘This is ridiculous agreed Jimbo Juggins, the production director. ‘Last year we had an excellent year and it looks set to continue. We had a big order in from Totspur Plc just this morning. If we cant keep up the overdraft, we wont be able to fulfil that order. Totspur was one of several national chains of casual and sportswear stores which was placing substantial orders with PL, usually to be sold under the Park label, but in some cases under the stores ‘own brand label. PL had been started by Loretta and Jimbo five years ago. The business is a designer and manufacturer of casual and leisure clothes aimed particularly at the younger, higher income market. Before starting the business both Loretta and Jimbo had been employed as senior managers with White Hart Plc, a large UK clothes manufacturer. They decided to create PL after their ideas for developing a new range of clothes for younger people had been welcomed by White Hart Plc but investment capital had not been available. From the very outset, Loretta and Jimbo decided that PL would be a design and marketing led business. Much of the forward planning was concerned with integrating the product design and development with the sales and marketing operations of the business. The new business had taken a lot of trouble and spent a lot of money on employing a young and talented design team, led by Heena Hussein who had been employed previously as a chief designer for a leading sportswear brand. The range of clothes designed by Heena and her team was greeted with enthusiasm by the major buyers and this was converted into firm orders by the marketing team led by Loretta. PL grew slowly at first. However, sales started to increase significantly as the brand gained acceptability in the UK and as export markets in France and Switzerland were opened. Loretta and Jimbo were both surprised and delighted by the speed with which the sales of the business had grown in recent years and by the growing base of regular customers. The order just received from Totspur was seen as particularly important. If Totspur became a regular customer, the sales of the business were likely to increase rapidly over the next few years and would establish PL as a major player in the market. This, Loretta and Jimbo felt, would build upon their success, success evidenced in the year to 30 September 2007 by the Cash Generated from Operations (as shown on their published Cash Flow Statement) of  £6,608,000. Loretta and Jimbo had both invested their life savings in the business and had also taken out large mortgages on their respective houses to help finance the new business. However, this provided only a relatively small amount of the total ordinary share capital needed. In order to raise the remaining share capital, friends, family and business contacts were approached. The largest shareholder of the business was Crowley Estates Ltd owned by Alan and Tim Crowley. The two Crowley brothers had made large profits by land speculation over the years but were keen to diversify into other areas as their business had been particularly hard hit by the recent recession. They had known Loretta for many years and were convinced she and Jimbo would make a success of the new business. PLs directors and their shareholdings were as follows: Loretta Long Managing Director and Marketing Director (700,000 shares) Jimbo Juggins Production Director (700,000 shares) Heena Hussein Design Director (40,000 shares) Alan Crowley Chairman (2,000,000 shares owned jointly with brother Tim through Crowley Estates) Tim Crowley Non-executive director In addition to his role as production director, Jimbo tended to look after financial matters. Though the business had accounts staff who dealt with the day-to-day transactions, there was no one at PL who had any great financial expertise. When there was a problem, the businesss auditors were normally asked for advice. That said, Loretta and Jimbo had not consulted the auditors in October 2007 when they had purchased new equipment and buildings for  £8,670,000, part of which had been funded by an additional bank loan. On the day the letter from the bank was received, a meeting of the board of directors was due to take place to consider the draft financial statements for the year that had ended two months earlier. At this meeting, the letter from the bank was also distributed to board members for discussion. Jimbo Juggins began the discussion by saying: ‘Weve just received the draft accounts from the auditors which seem to confirm our success. Profit has more than doubled. I really cant see how the cash situation is so poor. I know that we spent a lot on that additional plant and that we didnt get anything from the old machines we got rid of, but most of that was covered by the bank loan. Really, the cash situation should be even better than the profit level implies because the expenses include about  £2.8 million for depreciation and we dont have to write a cheque for that. Loretta Long, who was still angry at what she regarded as the high-handed attitude of the bank, pointed to the difficulties that the banks demands would cause: ‘The bank wants us to reduce the overdraft by half over the next six months! This is crazy I tried to explain that we have important orders to fulfil but the manager wasnt interested. How on earth can we find this kind on money in the time available? We are being asked to do the impossible. Both Jimbo and Loretta had, before the meeting, hoped that the Crowley brothers would be prepared to help out by purchasing further new shares in PL or by making a loan. However, it was soon made clear by Alan Crowley that further investment was not a possible option. Crowley Estates had been experiencing considerable problems over recent years, as a result of a couple of unprofitable overseas projects, and simply did not have the money to invest further in PL. Indeed, the Crowley brothers would be prepared to sell their shares in PL to generate much-needed cash for their own ailing business. Finding a prospective buyer for the shares was not, however, a likely prospect at this point. Both Alan and Tim Crowley had been heavily involved in recent years with the problems of Crowley Estates and had taken little interest in PLs affairs. The board meeting made them realise that they should have been much more attentive and now faced the prospect of being major shareholders of two failed b usinesses unless things could be radically improved. PLs financial statements for the past two years are set out below on the next two pages: *Note: Opening net book value of NCAs (8,600) Depreciation charge for the year 2,800 Closing net book value of NCAs 14,470 NCA additions during the year 8,670 The board of directors was not able to agree on a way of dealing with the financial problem faced by PL. Loretta believed that their best hope was to continue to wrangle with the bank over its demands. She felt that their was still a chance that the bank could be persuaded to change its mind once the draft financial statements for last year were made available and the bank was informed of the implications for PL of paying off such a large part of the overdraft in such a short period of time. Jimbo and Heena, on the other hand, were not optimistic about the prospects of changing the banks position. PL had breached its overdraft limit on several occasions over the past few years and they knew that the patience of the bank was now wearing thin. They believed that the only real solution was for the board to look for someone who was prepared to make a significant investment in the business. They felt that only a large injection of new funds could keep PL on track. Like Loretta, they belie ved that the financial statements demonstrated the success of PL over recent years and that this evidence would make the business attractive to a potential investor. The Crowley brothers rejected both of these views as being impractical. In addition, they were against the idea of introducing another major shareholder as this was likely to dilute their influence over the future direction of the business. The brothers believed that the board required drastic and immediate action, although they were not sure what form of action should be taken. After several hours of discussion, it was clear that the financial issue was not going to be resolved at the meeting. Instead, it was agreed that expertise from outside PL should be sought to help the business find a feasible solution to the problem. The board decided to approach BUS021 Financial Consultants, a firm which specialises in helping businesses with financial problems, and to ask the firm to analyse the financial performance and financial health of the company.

Richard Neustadt

Richard Neustadt: Presidential Power and the Modern Presidency Writing in 1960, Richard Neustadt is an important political theorist focusing on the US Presidency. Neustadt’s work was a reaction to the â€Å"old institutionalism† represented by writers like Edwin Corwin. Neustadt takes a behaviorist approach to understanding presidential power, and argues that the real functional power of the US president arises from his â€Å"power to persuade†.Neustadt acknowledges that the formal power of the US president is spelled out in the US Constitution but he argues that these formal powers do not adequately describe the real functional power of the president. For Neustadt the key to presidential power is the president’s ability to persuade other important actors to carry out what he wants done.Neustadt views the presidency as at the apex of a pyramid of governing power that provides the president with unique leverage and vantage points to bargain with and persuad e others on implementing governing policy and direction. These other actors include cabinet officers and senior government bureaucrats, the congress, military leaders, leaders of state governments, party leaders, business leaders and even foreign leaders. Neustadt does not see the US government as one of â€Å"separated power† under the Constitution.Instead he claims that the Constitution actually â€Å"created a government of separated institutions sharing powers. â€Å" These separated institutions include the congress, federalism itself, the bill of rights and perhaps even the press as a fourth branch of government. Neustadt sees the formal powers of the president and congress as very intertwined such that neither can accomplish very much without the acquiescence of the other; and, that what one branch demands the other can resist.Neustadt notes, for example that Eisenhower claimed that the presidency was part of the legislative process, since he had the authority to vet o or sign bills, etc. But Neustadt notes that when a president tries to command rather than persuade, such as when Truman nationalized the steel mills or fired MacArthur, or when Eisenhower sent the troops to Little Rock, Arkansas to enforce desegregation court orders, that there can be blowback that can neutralize presidential fiat and, ultimately, render presidential action inconclusive or effective.Neustadt sees relationships of mutual dependence between the various stakeholders and that the president depends upon the persons whom he would persuade. He notes a particular success story of persuasion when Truman worked with Republican senator Vandenberg to create the Marshall plan to rebuild Europe after WWII. That effort depended on mutual understanding, trust and a commitment to shared endeavor without which Vandenberg may have decided to wait for a Republican president to create a major new direction in US foreign policy.Neustadt sums up by arguing that for a president to have e ffective influence he must: (1) use the bargaining advantage that he has by virtue of his office to persuade other men that what he wants them to do is what their own responsibilities require of them (persuade them that his goals should be their own goals), 2) maintain a professional reputation in the minds of other men such that they respect his authority and ability, and (3) maintain his popular prestige such that those he bargains with believes that the public will view them favorably if they do what the president wants.In short, the president’s â€Å"power is the product of his vantage points in government, together with his reputation in the Washington community and his prestige outside. † Neustadt goes on to argue a presidents has to make proper choices and decisions, so as to preserve his reputation and prestige, or he will squander his ability to lead by losing his ability to persuade.

Black Fly Beverage Company Essay

Black Fly Beverage Company is a small beverage company based in London Ontario. The company has achieved recent success in the selling and promoting of their first alcoholic beverage, the cranberry/blueberry vodka cooler. The immediate success of this product presents two critical issues that the company must address. These critical issues are: †¢Black fly must expand its product mix in order to capture a larger market share in order to compete with larger established brands within the market place †¢Black Fly must also address capacity issues that will arise with an increase in demand or introduction of a new flavor Analysis. Current Situation Black Fly’s cranberry-blueberry vodka cooler has been well received by consumers due to its natural tasting ingredients and no chemical sweeteners producing a premium product different than existing similar beverages. The company now must take this opportunity to give their consumers another product to further explore the brand. Attempting to penetrate deeper within their current product will not allow its customers to further explore their favorite brand of vodka cooler. This will cause Black Fly to begin to lose their customers to other competing companies that offer multiple products and flavors (see exhibit 9). Black Fly also must also address the company’s capacity issues in order to allow them to meet the LCBO’s average order lead-time of seven days. At full capacity Black Fly is meeting the required lead time with minimal margin of error to account for delays, however, during the holiday season, which will occur as early as next month, the company will not be able to keep up with the increase in demand and will fail fulfill the LCBO’s order in time (see exhibit 7). Options The first option available to Black Fly would be to expand its product mix with the addition of a new flavor to compliment their existing cooler. The company will be able to take advantage of economies of scale through the current production; therefore a minimal cost of $30,000 will only be needed to cover development and merchandising fees. To cover this initial cost Black Fly will have to sell an additional 127 cases a month to break even, an increase of 10. 58% (see exhibit 2). It has been projected that adding another flavor to the product line could increase sales by 50 to 75 percent. This projected increase in sales would produce an annual expected ROI of 373% and 609% respectively (see exhibit 5). If however sales increased by only 10% due to the risk of cannibalization of their original recipe then the expected ROI would be -5% (see exhibit 5). This increase in sales however will put additional strain on the company’s current capacity (see exhibit 8). A second option to Black Fly would be the addition of a new specialty spirit-based product called â€Å"Spiked Ice†. This packaged ready to freeze cooler would be a non-competing product to the already successful cranberry-blueberry vodka. An advantage to this product is that there is no other product similar to it out in the marketplace. The LCBO has also committed to sell 8,000 cases of the product over the four summer months, which would produce revenues of $277,200 (see exhibit 3). Over this four month period this option will produce an ROI of 15% (see exhibit 6). To produce â€Å"Spiked Ice† the company however will have to purchase expensive machinery costing $500,000 and spend an additional $40,000 on merchandising and product development. To cover these costs Black Fly would have to sell an additional 7,585 cases of â€Å"Spiked Ice† (see exhibit 4). This may prove difficult as this new product is very seasonal producing higher sales in the summer months and potentially smaller sales in the fall and winter months, a time in which the LCBO has not committed to sell this product at this time. Another disadvantage to this option is the space that this new machinery would occupy in the already small warehouse. Black Fly’s current facilities cannot produce â€Å"Spiked Ice† and the original vodka simultaneously which would result in Black Fly loosing monthly revenues of $23,641 (see exhibit 1). Recommendation It is apparent that Black Fly must attempt to offer a variety of products to enhance its product mix and to keep current customers from trying other flavors offered by other competitors. At this time the best way to proceed with this will be to launch a new flavored vodka to compliment the already successful cranberry-blueberry vodka. The low initial costs and economies of scale gained through this option will allow Black Fly to introduce this new flavor quickly and efficiently to capitalize sales during the upcoming holiday season. To help address the concern of future capacity issues it would be recommended that Black Fly hire two more part-time workers and to run the production process seven days a week. This will be possible due to the expected high ROI associated with this option. This increase in production will allow the company to complete six full runs amounting to 3000 cases within the seven day lead time required by the LCBO ( see exhibit 10). In the future it will become necessary to upgrade to a larger facility and at that time it would be beneficial to begin producing â€Å"Spiked Ice†, however at this current time, given the company’s limited time in the market, it is suggested that Black Fly only pursue the launching of a new flavor. After the company has received sales from the holiday season the company will then be able to better address the possibility of relocating to a new warehouse and address their plans for â€Å"Spiked Ice† for the upcoming summer months.

Reasons of Dota Addiction Essays

Reasons of Dota Addiction Essays Reasons of Dota Addiction Paper Reasons of Dota Addiction Paper Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION Defence of the Ancients (DotA) is a custom scenario for Warcraft III, based on the â€Å"Aeon of Strife† map for StarCraft. The objective of the scenario is to destroy the opponents â€Å"Ancient†. The two teams’ ancients are heavily guarded structures at opposing comers of the map. Players use powerful units known as heroes, and are assisted by allied heroes and AI-controlled fighters called â€Å"creeps†. As in role-playing games, players level up their hero and use gold to buy equipment during the mission. The scenario was develop with the â€Å"World Editor† of Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos, and was updated upon the release of the Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne. There have been many variations of the original concept; currently, the most popular is DoTa Allstars, which has been maintained by several authors during development. Since its release, Allstars has become a feature at several worldwide tournaments, including Blizzard Entertainment’s BlizzCon and Asian World Cyber Games, as well as the Cyberathlete Amateur and CyberEvolution Leagues; Gamasutra was declared that DotA was perhaps the most popular â€Å"free, non-supported game mod in the world†. The map has gone on to influence other maps and games, including LOL(league of Legends), HON(Heroes of New Earth), and Demigod. Computer Games have now been with us for over 30 years. The Atari 2600 is nearly 25 years old. Civilization is now nearly 10 years old. Yet, many people fail to recognized this complex achievements as more than fads or child’s play. Ask most people what they think about video games many will respond that they’re a waste of time. Many critics argue that games produce socially isolated or promote violent behaviour. DotA games are simple, mind numbing entertainment. Playing games is a waste of time. Some of these criticisms may view all game playing through this lens is to ignore the broader history of games and the diverse range of playing experience available. In fact, the DotA games sales charts reflects diversity. The Sims –the â€Å"animated dollhouse† game where players create and play out digital fantasy households has dominated the charts for 18 months straight. There are so many computer games which is being addicted by the children or students either in college or high school even the elementary really likes DotA games or any video games/ Today millions of students has been playing DotA games and become their habits it is so hard for them to avoid playing DotA games. It is a big physical and Psychological effects for them mostly to their studies. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The original author of DotA Defence of the Ancients was a mapmaker by the name of â€Å"EUL†. However, after the Warcract III expansion the Frozen Throne was released, EUL did not update the map. The original Defence of the Ancient, development was eventually halted, but not before making the source open for other developers. Numerous variants were created on the original but Allstars became the de factor standard of the map. Based on the original map, Allstars was develop by an author under the alais Guinsoo, with the release of the 6x version. Another developer named Ice Frog, took up the development Ice frog is now the main program for the map, doing everything from implementation and balancing of debugging. With successive versions, features, heroes, items, abilities, and graphics are added to updated and bugs are fixed. For example, in version 6. 8 Ice Frog added a feature which automatically changed the terrain from grass to snow, each released, is accompanied with a changelog. On the Dotas, Allstars, forum, users can post ideas, for new heroes or items, some of which are added to the map. Map version of dota is now on version 6. 72f RESEARCH LOCALE The researchers conduct an interview in AMA Computer College Las Pi? as, where the respondents are students in AMA Computer College Las Pi? as and playi ng DotA. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK In the conceptual that made by the researchers, the

Personal space Essays

Personal space Essays Personal space Paper Personal space Paper A within-particpant experimental design was used to explore how uncomfortable an individual feels when approached by one or two people, this is measured when the individual says stop. The independent variable (IV) is whether theres one person walking towards the particpant orr two people walking towards themselves, wich were randomly assigned. The order of the two conditions was counterbalances so that half of the particpants start with one condition and vice versa, counterbalancing the order in which they start with. A table with odd and even numbers was used to randomly select the particpant with the condiitn. The even numbers start with condiiton one where one person walks towards the individual, and the odd numbers start with condiiton two where two people walk towards the participant. The dependent variable (DV) is when the experimenter is told to stop when approaching the participant. Participants This experiment consisted of 60 particiapnts which were recruited from Nottingham, UK. An opportunity sample was used for the experiment. The sample comprimised of an equal ratio of males and females. The participants were local university students. There was no exclusion criteria set for this experiment. The mean age of the sample was 19, with 30 males and 30 females. Materials This experiment consisted of a measuring tape which was used to measure the distance between the particiapnt and the experimenter. A set of stabndardised instructions along with the consent form were also used. A pen and paper to recored the results and also the experimenters involved. Procedure Particpants were asked whether or not they wanted to particpate in the experiment. The researcher then read aloud the instructions (see Appendix1), to which the participants filled out a consent form (see Appendix 2). Participants were then told that the experimenter will be approaching them and will be told to say stop when they feel uncomfortable with the proximity. The experimenter stands 6 meters from the particiapnt, in an open space. They approach at a slow pace, making no facial expression and no eye contact. The participants will then have to say stop when they feel uncomfortable, the space between them is measured and recorded in a table. Some controls had to be kept consistent, for example the standardised instructions and the ethical guidelines e. g, the right to withdraw and informed consent. In both conditions the experimenter stays 6 meters away from the participant. Results The table below gives a summary of the distance between the experiment and the participant. Table 1:A table to show the difference in standard deviation, Mean and Range of the distance between the experimenter and the participant. Condition Standard Deviation Mean Range T-test 1)One Researcher 12. 95 77. 47 50 1. 51 2)Two Researchers 17. 98 116. 6 81 Table 1 shows that when two researchers approach an individual they would say stop sooner because they feel uncomfortable in the presence of more than one person. The standard deviation and the mean were higher in condition two, where there were two experimenters than in condition one, where participants were only approached by only one experimenters. The T-test was 1. 51, this shows there was an insignificant effect of crowding on personal space (t obt=1. 51, df=58, P. 05) even though the participants said stop sooner when there were two experimenters (Mean=77. 47, Standard Deviation=17. 98) than with only one participant (Mean=77. 47, Stand Deviation=12. 95). Discussion The results suggest that when two people are walking to an individual they will say stop sooner, and when one person is walking towards a person they will say stop later. The results support the background literature. This experiment supported the hypothesis, it also provided valuable data. The purpose of this experiment was to see the effects of crowding on persoanl spce and how uncomfortaable participants felt on the number of people approaching them. The hypothesis was that paprticipants would say stop sooner if two experimenters were walking towards them then just one. There have been numerous studies to support the fact that crowding does affect a persons personal space. A study done by Cochran and Urbanczyk (1982), conducted an experiment on 2 conditions using a stop-distance technique. The results showed that in high-ceiling condiitons, the participants needed less personal pace than in low-ceiling conditions. Another experiment done by Gary. T. Long (1984) showed that participnts in higher tension situations preferred a greater distance from others. There were limitations involved with this study, the number pf participants were too few, therefore having more participants may have produced a greater variability amongst the results. Another limitation is regarding the location, it could have been more crowded with more noise, with some participants and not others. Intimidation could have been another factor effeting the experimen by the presence of the researchers and the distance varies according to many factors, one of them being the relationship of the people involved. The limitations mentioned above could be one of the many reasons why the T-test was insignificant. There are examples of eevryday life in relation to crowding on personal space and how people feel uncomfortable when approached by a group of individuals. For example, when a gang of youths approach one individual they world feel scared and uncomfortable, than if one person approaches a individual and asks for the time; they would feel at ease. However there are many other factors that affect a persons personal space it depends on the age of the individual, the sex, race, amount of indiviuals walking up to a person, and the appearance. However different people have different inmterpretations of what uncomfortable is for them, therefore cannot be certain on when they feel uncomfortable and say stop, therefore cannot measure it properly. These differences of interpretations can lead to a misunderstanding amongst the researchers from different cultures, the environment also affects ones perception on what uncomfortable is for them. Some people might feel uncomfortable with one experimenter walking up to them than two. To conclude from this, different things could be changed in doing this experiment again, a different location could be used. If this experiemnt were to be repeated, there are a few things that should be changed. For example, choosing a different location; this could have ben approached by prior research to obtain knowledge of whn places are most/least populated. The conclusion of this experiment was consistent with past reasearch. Although this experiment ended with a insignificant T-test, the information gathered from the results can help future research on the effects of crowding on personal space.

Heat Exhaustion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Heat Exhaustion - Essay Example Sunburns, heat cramps, heat stress, heat stroke and heat exhausting are some of the heat related disorders. While the symptoms and treatment may differ, in each case there is overexposure to heat or the person has over exercised for his/her age and physical condition in the existing thermal environment. Heat exhaustion is caused by a loss of salt and water from the body usually through excessive sweating (SJA, 2007). Severe debilitation occurs due to extreme body heat. Excessive heat and dehydration cause the body temperature to rise above 102 degrees (Alonzo, 2003). While the causes of heat exhaustion can be many, there are various ways in which people can protect themselves from the effects of prolonged exposure to extreme heat. The symptoms of heat exhaustion include paleness, nausea, extreme fatigue, dizziness, light-headedness, or even vomiting, fainting and cool and clammy skin (Alonzo). The treatment and prevention are issues which should be known to every individual. If the victim is out in the sun, he/she should be brought out of the sun and made to lie down after loosening the clothes preferably in an air conditioned room. Wet cloth should be applied and urged to take frequent sips of water. If this causes nausea then water sips have to be discontinued. Medical attention may be required if vomiting persists. There are various ways in which the people themselves or the organizations can reduce or even prevent heat exhaustion. First and foremost the body should be allowed to acclimatize to the difference in temperature especially for those who are not used to working in hot environment (Dresser). They have to get accustomed to working in the heat which normally takes a week or two to get used to. Reducing the physical demands of the job for a week or two allows a worker to acclimatize. Cool shady environments are prerequisites for prevention of heat exhaustion. Secondly, the body has to be well hydrated and this means

Define war or peace. Your argument is that definition. Your thesis is Essay

Define war or peace. Your argument is that definition. Your thesis is that - Essay Example Some synonyms of the word war meaning relatively the same thing are: battle, bloodshed, conflict, contention, contest, enmity, fighting, hostility, police action, strife, strike, struggle, attack, and combat. There are many different kinds of wars. There is a civil war, which is a war between different sections or parties of the same country or nation. There is a holy war, which is a crusade; an expedition carried on by Christians against the Saracens in the Holy Land, in the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries, for the possession of the holy places. And there is public war, which is a war between independent sovereign states. But there all war, F. W. Robertson once said, "Men will ever distinguish war from mere bloodshed". In my research paper war, will mean armed conflict, between nations; hostility or struggle. But will also: battle, bloodshed, conflict, contention, contest, enmity, fighting, hostility, police action, strife, strike, struggle, attack, and combat. Because in my dictionary war is war. Organized crime is not relative. It is universally condemned, because most right-thinking individuals realize that such activity is detrimental to the human race as a whole. War on the other hand refuses to be evaluated objectively, because it is an act of violence sanctioned by the state, an amorphous entity claiming to represent the views, beliefs and morality of its citizenry, and that is why war is far more insidious than organized crime. "Crime" is a word that brings to mind acts of selfishness, antisocial acts that disrupt the functioning of society, that cause hurt or suffering. It is always evaluated while bearing in mind fairness, and thus what is unfair is often a crime. Stealing relegates property that rightfully belongs to its owner to someone else. Murder deprives an individual of the right to live. It is this innate moral compass that helps the majority of men to be able to judge what is crime and what is not, and therefore crime appears to us as a cut-and-dried subject, easily defined and identified. What about war Indeed, there are still many men in this modern world who in their great wisdom proclaim that war is an amoral tool, which can be used for good, or for the greatest evil. Genghis Khan, the Great Mongol Conqueror (if conquering through bloodshed accrues greatness) once said, "Let him who desires peace, prepare for war." His enemies all agreed with him on this point, yet perished underneath the unshod hooves of stocky Mongol ponies. Our leaders today tell us that war must be an option made available to the nation-state, lest we should lose our peace. Some primal instinct that makes us uneasy with war must still flow through our veins, for men to have to keep thinking of new, pallid platitudes and aphorisms to justify war. Could it be that this primal instinct is related to the innate moral compass that helps us identify what is criminal Let us look at the similarities between crime and war. The former involves taking property belonging to someone else; the latter involves taking territory belonging to someone else because you believe it rightfully belongs to you. Crime sometimes involves killing; war requires you to kill, to defend your nation. Once again we see the constant need to justify war. It is, in the eyes of

Public Service Announcement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Public Service Announcement - Assignment Example For breast cancer survivors, the PSA will be designed for them to cope with life after the treatment. 4. Define strategy. In order to meet the objective, the planning of the PSA will start by a market research which will take note of the appropriate medium, presentation, and layout that can efficiently attract the attention of the specific audience. The PSA will also be designed so that it will be understandable by everyone regardless of educational attainment, age, and background. The language will also be modified in order to take into account the difference on ethnicity and race in a single locality. 5. Define content. The program will be about the challenges faced by women who are currently undergoing and have undergone treatment. The PSA will contain input from medical practitioners specializing in the field as well as breast cancer survivors who have successfully overcome post-treatment changes. 6. Define appropriate medium. Recognizing the need to discuss lengthy topic with the interest of a relatively few audience, the PSA's best medium will be a CD-ROM which can be given to the husband of women undergoing treatment and survivors who had completed their therapy. In this way, the PSA becomes more targeted and can reach the intended audience. The format will be in the form of feature story news which includes audio and visual and facilitated by a host. 7. Create the concept. The PSA will be shown as a feature story which will start with the showing of the organizer's logo and its sponsors. The next scene will be an introduction given by the host. The next will be a series of interviews showing what to expect during treatment. The main speakers will be practitioners in the field of cancer treatments. The stories of patients who survive breast cancer will be shown next together with the struggle they have undergone. Lastly, the PSA will wrap-up with the host emphasizing main points and giving words of encouragement to the audience. PSA for children 1. Define the communication problem. This public service announcement is to give a general view of cancer, its causes, and how it can be prevented. 2. Define the target audience. The target audience will be children aged six to 13 years old. 3. Define objective. Since this PSA is targeted to a young audience, the general objective is to acquaint children of what breast cancer is, what causes it, and what they can do to prevent it. With this education about breast cancer at a young age, it is expected that children will exert effort in fighting and preventing its occurrence. 4. Define strategy. The knowledge that children are fond of cartoon characters, the content of the PSA will be delivered using their favorite cartoon friends. The PSA will also utilize language which can be easily understood and most appropriate for the audience. 5. Define content. The program will talk about the basics of breast cancer, what is it, its causes, and preventive methods. The presentation will be colorful and entertaining in order to catch the attention of children. As stated above,

Cat In The Rain Essay Example for Free

Cat In The Rain Essay From the literary analysis I wrote, I want my readers to be able to read and understand the special relationship of the husband and wife in Ernest Hemmingway’s â€Å"Cat in the Rain.† Some critics believed that the cat representing the American wife’s desire for a child. From the first time we read Hemingway’s short story, I immediately jumped to conclusions such as the couple did not really like each other or maybe they just had a barrier in the relationship. I discovered from other critics online and through other members of the class, that I was not the only one who thought so. It was not very difficult to write the second paragraph of this paper. Many parts of the story and pieces from the articles had lots to say about the American wife and her barrier from her husban d. The paragraph about George was more difficult for me because for most of the story, he remained in the room reading throughout the story. By writing an annotation and a literary analysis over the same Hemingway story helped me to see the differences between them and how to critically analyze literature. I did struggle with quoting and referencing the articles that I drew information from, but I felt like I did my best on the writing portion of the paper. I didn’t learn much quite as much in my Comp 1 class, but I have been able to take and learn a lot from this class. Literature and writing essays has never been my strong area, but I have been able to appreciate learning what we have so far!

Corporal Punishment in America Essay -- Spanking Child Abuse

Corporal Punishment in America The term corporal punishment means the intentional infliction of pain on the body for purposes of punishment and includes slapping, hitting with objects, pinching, shaking and forcing to stand for long periods of time (Epoch 1). Family researchers define corporal punishment as " the use of physical force aimed at causing children to experience pain but not injury, for the purposes of correction and control of youthful behavior" (Day 83). Spanking is one form of physical or corporal punishment (Epoch 1). The general acceptance, and sometimes support, of corporal punishment as a method of discipline is an aspect of the American culture (Barnett, Miller-Perrin, Perrin 61). Children are abused, in part, because they are unable to defend themselves against stronger and more powerful adults (Barnett, Miller-Perrin, Perrin 61). Researchers only recently have recognized that spanking is used primarily with young children and that the incidence and severity of spanking often diminishes by the time children are 8-10 years of age (Day 80). Studies of the incidence and intensity of spanking often provide evidence that most parents have spanked their children. About 90% of parents in the United States report having spanked their children (Day 80). In a research project done using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, researchers examined the antecedents of parents’ spanking behavior. This study represents an important step forward in understanding the profile of parents who spank their children. Even though the study had little theoretical orientation from which spanking could be predicted, it showed that younger mothers spank much more frequently than older mothers; that younger childre... ... violence of corporal punishment. In addition, corporal punishment can and often does become abuse when parents are especially angry or stressed (Barnett, Miller-Perrin, Perrin 292). Finally, we need to know more about the personal resources of parents that can lessen the incidence of spanking. It is found that spanking sharply decreases as the parent ages. Despite ideological motivations, parents can and should be trained to understand alternative strategies of discipline (Day 93). Works Cited Barnett, Ola, & Miller-Perrin, Cindy & Perrin, Robin., Family Violence Across the Lifespan. California: Sage, 1997 Day, Randal., "Predicting Spanking of Younger and Older Children by their Mothers and Fathers." Journal of Marriage and the Family 60 (February 1998): 79-94 National Coalition to Abolish Corporal Punishment and EPOCH_USA., 3 February 1999

Mexican War and the Austrian Succession War

The two nations that wrestled in the Mexican War were both ill prepared and ill-equipped to fight.  Ã‚   The United States, whose population largely did not expect a war with the Mexicans almost immediately following the independence struggle in Texas, naturally did not arm its soldiers.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Though Congress voted to declare war in an overwhelming majority, it did not readily act to enlarge the army or navy until after the declaration.  Ã‚   Indeed, there were less than 10,000 troops on any of the few expeditions launched by the government in Mexican territory. If the United States was not prepared for a struggle with the Mexicans, the latter was less than suited for the conflict.  Ã‚   At the time, Mexico was languishing under the on-again, off-again rule by the war hero and tyrant Santa Anna.  Ã‚   He had fought against the Texans, lost and was ejected by an angry mob, leaving only a general or another to stand in his place.   When the latter became unpopular, Santa Anna would return and rule Mexico anew.   Prior to the Mexican War, the dictator was again toppled by mutinous soldiers, a General Paredes, and his own capital, Mexico City.  Ã‚   When the Mexican government did declare war against the United States, several factions throughout the country â€Å"declared† themselves against the government.   In the midst of this, Santa Anna was called in again to take the reins. Thus it was that the Mexican War utilized a small number of troops, and its subsequent major engagements involved less than 5,000 troops at any one time.  Ã‚   The objectives of the Americans, at the outbreak of the War had been to force the annexation of California and resolve the border dispute between it and Mexico.  Ã‚   These were the initial goals, and it was only out of sheer paralysis in Mexican politics that the war was dragged on and led to the long American march to Mexico. This was not at all different from any of the wars fought among the major powers of the 17th and 18th century for dynastic succession, particularly the Austrian Succession.  Ã‚   In idea it was the challenge of the succession of Maria Theresa as Empress of Austria.   In practice, it was primarily the Prussian goal of seizing the Austrian province of Silesia.   Dynastic wars like this were limited to regions of conflict, and were soon ended once an army of one power had been decisively defeated, or had reached their objectives.  Ã‚   Oftentimes, allies would agree to a separate peace with their enemies, and the war would only be prosecuted to its totality if the sovereignty of one nation were endangered. At the outbreak of war the Mexicans had 20,000 men on the roles, and 24,000 officers.   Most were not even prepared to go to war, and were hundreds of miles away from the fighting. The subsequent American punitive expeditions in California were reminiscent of the engagements between Prussia and Austria during the Austrian Succession.   Much of the initial fighting in that war occurred in Silesia, and gradually spread, but was mostly limited to the southern German territories. The fighting in California was mostly between armies in the mere hundreds; the decisive battles of Rio San Gabriel, and La Mesa were fought off between Americans in the hundreds and native Californians with less than that number.  Ã‚   In the former, the Californian artillery failed them, and in the latter the Californians had mere cavalry lancers to the American rifles. The fighting, meanwhile, in Northeastern Mexico, and on the road to Mexico itself, was harder fought.  Ã‚   Zachary Taylor fought a hard-fought, stalemate in the city of Monterrey, where the able Mexican commander General Pedro de Ampudia held off 2,638 American troops to his 3,140, for two days with great losses.  Ã‚   Eventually the fighting degenerated to the city streets, and Taylor, rather than have to go through the effort of a protracted battle against the enemy, agreed to an armistice with the Mexicans.  Ã‚   The general soon broke this agreement, and resumed the march to Mexico. The rampant demoralization of Mexico made the American campaign easier, as the Mexican military command was disjointed, and divided.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Like Maria Theresa going off herself into the field of battle, Santa Anna, after being forced out of exile by his government, promptly took its reins, levied 16,000 troops by sheer will, and marched off to meet Taylor himself in Buenavista.  Ã‚   When General Taylor finally faced the Mexican army, in the Battle of Buena Vista, 4,000 of Santa Anna’s troops had died of hunger, disease and desertion. They were exhausted when they faced the enemy.  Ã‚   Nevertheless, through the discipline of the ranks, the Mexican forces had at one point outflanked and near to routing the enemy, but for the timely reprieve of American artillery that drove the Mexican chargers off.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Defeated, Santa Anna was forced to march humiliatingly all the way back to Mexico City. These were the only major battles in the war that involved armies of thousands, and they were concentrated on the cities and employed siege warfare.  Ã‚   The battles that were fought before that time were greatly smaller in scale as to the battles fought between the Austrians and the Prussians in Silesia, or the Austrians against the Prussian ally in Bavaria. Like the Austrian Succession War, however, these Mexican-American engagements involved sweeping cavalry attacks.  Ã‚   The necessity of battle would compare Santa Anna with the despairing Queen of Austria, but the tactics he wielded were reminiscent of the Prussian Frederick. California having been occupied by the Americans, and Santa Anna having been defeated, the Americans would have assumed the Mexicans would sue for peace.  Ã‚   Indeed, Mexico fragmented yet again upon news of the defeat.  Ã‚   However, like Maria Theresa before him, who faced the Prussians alone and with no European ally left both during and after the First Silesian War (which was part of the Succession War), Santa Anna and his government refused to make peace, forcing the sending of another American expedition this time to force peace upon the capital. This was the army of General Winfield Scott, opening the campaign by an ambitious amphibious assault on the city of Vera Cruz.  Ã‚   Following the city’s surrender after a violent trade-off of artillery fire, Scott marched off to Cerro Gordo, where Santa Anna with a force of 12,000 men prepared to ambush them.  Ã‚   A forward regiment of the American commander discovered the hidden location, and Scott moved away from the line of ambush and outflanked the enemy, killing 1000 to 3000. The dynastic, limited wars of Europe were prone to disunity in command.  Ã‚   France and Prussia had been united in an alliance against Austria, in the second phase of the war; when Prussian troops had been used to siphon off the Austrian invasion in France, the latter country’s army refused to aid their allies.  Ã‚   So, too, in the course of the American campaign leading to the capture of Mexico City, General Gabriel Valencia, who held numerical superiority over the Americans, was ordered to withdraw just as the Battle in Contreras was already set.   Santa Anna promptly left the general and his army to be sizably crushed by the Americans.  Ã‚   The subsequent battle of Chapultepec where a greatly outnumbered enemy force was abandoned by Santa Anna. Finally, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ceded almost half of Mexico to the Americans.  Ã‚   Like Austria acceding to the Silesian loss, Mexico resigned to the loss of Texas.  Ã‚   Unlike the Austrian War, however, they also lost the California territory, as well as land that would comprise New Mexico.  Ã‚   It was a limited, set-piece campaign by the Americans, though it was not the first in the latter’s history.   The lack of discipline and unity of command of the armies of 17th and 18th century Europe haunted the Mexican army; Santa Anna acted more of a mercenary than a general. Had he prosecuted the war more competently, he would at least have forced better concessions from the Americans, for at the time of Buena Vista, most of California had already been lost.  Ã‚   The Mexican general could at least have fought battles that would have shaped the terms on the bargaining table.   As it was, brilliant though he might have been, Santa Anna lacked the fiber of integrity that Maria Theresa had. References Ritchie, D. A.   & Altoff A. & Wilson, Dr. R.  Ã‚   (1985).   Heritage of Freedom: History of the United States.   New York: MacMillan Publishing Company. Simpson, L.B.   (1966).   Many Mexicos.   Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Durant, W. (1965).   The Age of Voltaire.   New York: Mahony & Roese. Mexican-American War. (n.d.) Retrieved April 9, 2008 from Wikipedia.   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican-American_War.      

Favorite Teacher Essay

Choosing a favorite teacher is fairly difficult when one puts into account all the types of teachers they have known, all of them are important. Teachers are the second most important people in our lives, right after our parents. Teachers are persuasive and have the power to build a child up from an immature student to become a responsible adult; or they can completely and utterly crush a students hopes and dreams. As an identical twin my mother has always pulled a few strings to have my sister and me in the same classes throughout elementary school. We were absolutely inseparable. Transitioning from elementary to middle school was a milestone for me. Every class I was placed in was different from my sister’s. I was friendless, and at times I felt hopeless scrambling to find friends; I was overwhelmed by the turmoil of the middle school system. At my locker I forgot a key ingredient, the combination; completely overloaded with homework, tests and loneliness, I sat at my locker and sobbed. It was there I crossed paths with one of the most important people I have ever known. The first time I met Ms. Reagan was when she gave the upcoming middle-schoolers a tour of the school the summer before my sixth grade year. She was short, thin and had an intelligent look. She seemed truly interested in me, given my mother had met her on vacation a few years back. Ms. Reagan assured my worried mother I would do perfectly fine in a new environment without my sister. However, when school began, so did my problems. Mr. Wolff was my sixth grade English teacher, as an advanced English student the first essay he assigned was rather demanding. Struck by writer’s block, I was only able to conquer five pages of the assigned six-page essay. Mr. Wolff asked for a word after class; obliging I listened to him rant about how he expected more out of me than five pages of redundancy. I left the classroom with a rigid, seemingly emotionless expression. I went to my only friend, my locker, and began to sob when I remembered I had forgotten my combination. Walking back from the teachers’ lounge, Ms. Reagan calmly asked me to explain my dilemma; she offered support and assured me I would do well, promising me I would make friends. I left school that day consoled and filled with a newborn hope that I would progress through the sixth grade successfully; after all it was just the third day of school. After a few weeks of attending middle school, I began to gain friends; they were not comparable to my twin, but they were accepting. I listened to what Ms. Reagan had mentioned to me and I was able to gain more and more friends I today refer to as my closest friends. With Ms. Reagan’s advice I was able to conquer my fears of having no friends, and I finally was able to master the dreaded locker combination. Ms. Reagan is the embodiment of a leader and sets an endless example of respect and commitment for her current students and students of years prior. She treats everyone with kindness and compassion and is always willing to give advice to anyone. Most importantly, she believes in herself as a teacher and, in turn, her students learn to believe in themselves. I have been able to acquire this knowledge of Ms. Reagan through various lunch visits when I was unable to find a table. We spoke of our families, futures, travels and opinions. Although it has been years since I sat in her classroom, Ms. Reagan continues to affect me in a very meaningful way. In the summer we often go to the same part of Newport during the same time; she often walks past my house, and even on the hottest of days, she will always stop at the end of my driveway just to chat. In return, when I get the chance, I like to stop by to visit her after school lets out just to catch up for a little bit and fill her in on the latest news in my life. However, although our conversations may be few and far between, they always make for memorable moments. As I continue to get older, I cannot help looking back and reminiscing about my days as an elementary student. I feel lucky for having such an unforgettable childhood and thankful for the people that were apart of it. Ms. Reagan has always been more than an educator to me, and I am so blessed to have her as a part of my life.

Diego Rivera Mecanizacin del essays

Diego Rivera Mecanizacin del essays This work contains a great amount of symbolism and and meaning, because it is a reflection of the feelings of the author and a cause he cannot put into words. The figures represented in this painting are that of a woman, sitting in the center ; 3 men standing on the right ; 3 other men on the left ; and a woman in the clouds. The figures are depicted in typical clothing, except for the woman enveloped in a cloud, whom is wearing none. The rich colors that are used for the dirt and the faces of the people give a feeling of warmth and trust. While the distant mountains and structures are depicted in cooler colors that create a sense of distance, yet also of an incoming horizon. The painting is rich in archaeological detail and painted in a sharply outlined, linear style. The woman that is in the center of the paining represents the goddess, Xilonen. Xilonen is the Nahuatl goddess of corn, she is carrying this in her arms in the painting and is surrounded by it. The bundles of corn she is holding are meant to be her gift to the indigenous land workers that are being abused by the clergy, government and military. The second woman in the painting, is in a cloud, she is flying over the three men on the left, and she is carrying a thunderbolt. This thunderbolt she is aiming at the criminal trinity. In this case the criminal trinity is the clergy, the military and the capitalists. They are the enemies of the Mexican towns, and so the woman represents justice, because she punishes those that hurt the people. She takes care of her own. Her fury is well represented in the dark red color of the cloud and the bright orange in the thunderbolt. The dark sky around her adds intensity and emphasizes on this part of the painting. The land workers are represented b y a small figure in the background. Also in the background there is the industrialization and machinery of the new era. Just as it is placed, the figures are meant t ...

A Bronx Tale Analysis essays

A Bronx Tale Analysis essays In the movie, the 1960s are portrayed with reality as the viewer is taken to East 187th Street in the Bronx, New York. The Fordham neighborhood shown is highly populated by citizens of Italian decent, and a strong cultural social bond exists in the streets. Children play stickball on corners as older members of the community hustle to earn money. From legitimate business (like the fruit vendors) to illicit workings (bookmaking), everyone is busy with some form of social advancement. On the corner stands the kingpin of the neighborhood. This person (Sonny) is the boss of a local mob type operation. This neighborhood is held in fear of Sonnys actions, and yet motivated by respect and admiration for the man. The social benefits are immediate and apparent from the bookmaking and gaming occurring at the corner bar, to the protection of the neighborhood from other groups. Members of the community come together to assemble at the bar, further connecting and strengthening the social bond of the Italian citizens. From the movie, much pride is taken in the heritage and the culture of the Italian people, and this is perpetuated by the success of the organized crime group in the area. Sonnys actions and presence are seen in retrospect to those hardworking citizens, who long for a piece of the wealth. Overall, organized crime taps into the communities need for social advancement as well as survival. To be a part of this organized crime group almost guarantees success in life; meaning money for the family, employment, social interaction, and protection. In the world of crime, there have been many different attempts to figure out what drives the criminal to commit acts against society. Many of these theories are supported by evidence based on actual events that have occurred. In the movie A Bronx Tale, many of these theories are evident based on the actions of the cast of the movie, portraying stre...

How Much Does It Cost to Hire a Book Publicist

How Much Does It Cost to Hire a Book Publicist How much does a book publicist cost? The short answer is fees vary mainly according to the services offered and the size of the firm you hire, but for the most part it is a commitment that will likely run you thousands, not hundreds, of dollars. If you were to hire one of the big New York-based firms, you would be talking six figures, and you would be getting a lot more than just a publicist – it would be a more holistic PR campaign that includes marketing, messaging, and more. Then there are specific book- and author-related firms that have offices in major urban areas that probably  will charge a significant project fee to start. Any services like event and media booking in tour cities, social media outreach, etc. are billed additionally. On a book- There are companies who offer individual a la carte options for campaigns for less than what it would cost to do a full campaign, including: = Sending your book out to a specific list of reviewers. = Sending a press release out to select radio, TV, print, and online producers/editors. = Radio tours with a guaranteed number of interviews scheduled. = Blog tours with a commitment on the number of reviews that will be posted. = Individual market campaigns, such as a firm that specializes in booking Los Angeles media and events. To minimize your costs, you may only ask for a mailing or a blog tour. Some of the businesses that handle these jobs are online-based and you may never actually speak to a person. This is how they keep their prices in the hundreds - If you hire a boutique public relations firm, you will likely either pay a project fee or a monthly retainer. It will depend on what you need and how much you want the company to do for you. The costs related to the kind of relationship with a client that includes individual attention, phone meetings, flexibility, and what I consider to be a long term, quality connection between the client and the firm will definitely run several thousands of dollars. The main considerations are: = What kinds of services do you need? = What kind of relationship do you want to have with the company you are working with? = How much work can you do on your own? What financial resources are reasonably at your disposal? = Can the company you want to work with negotiate with you to give you the best array of services at a price that is mutually agreeable? = Can you purchase specific services from the same company that will give you the best of both worlds: a more personalized campaign and lower costs? Public relations is an actual skill that takes a lot of time. Although it is sometimes very hard to measure results, rest assured the time and labor is being spent.   I think the most important quality your representative should have is a commitment to you and your work.   This person or company is going to help you gain exposure and will actually introduce your book to the world in interesting ways. So when you are looking for a publicist know that the old adage rings true– â€Å"you get what you pay for†Ã¢â‚¬â€œand if you are looking for someone who is going to work hard on your behalf, it isn’t going to be cheap.